Exhaled carbon dioxide was converted to carbonic acid and weighed. The spirometer is a dry gas meter measuring inspired air. Developed by Dr. Edward Smith. From: British Medical Journal, March 26, 1859, Page 253.
From: Nutrition A Comprehensive Treatise: Macronutrients and Nutrient Elements, Volume 1. Edited by George H. Beaton, Academic Press, 1964. Chapter: Energy Metabolism by R.W. Swift and K.H. Fisher. Page 205.
From: Endocrinology and Metabolism. Llewellys Barker, MD, editor. Published 1922. Chapter: The normal process of energy metabolism, John R. Murlin. Page 539.
From: Endocrinology and Metabolism. Llewellys Barker, MD, editor. Published 1922. Chapter: The normal process of energy metabolism, John R. Murlin. Page 542.
From: Endocrinology and Metabolism. Llewellys Barker, MD, editor. Published 1922. Chapter: The normal process of energy metabolism, John R. Murlin. Page 545.
From: Endocrinology and Metabolism. Llewellys Barker, MD, editor. Published 1922. Chapter: The normal process of energy metabolism, John R. Murlin. Page 532.
A modified 500 cc Krogh Spirometer used to measure the metabolism of rabbits. From: The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine. Volume 19, Number 12, Page 1334, September 1934.
The diverse, quirky and mostly forgotten history of Pulmonary Function testing